نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد زبان و ادبیّات فارسی دانشگاه مجازی، جامعه المصطفی العالمیه قم، قم، ایران
2 استادیار گروه زبان و ادبیّات فارسی دانشگاه مجازی، جامعه المصطفی العالمیه قم، قم، ایران
چکیده
تازه های تحقیق
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کلیدواژه‌ها
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ABSTRACT Ferdowsi’s Shahnameh, as one of Iran’s most significant literary and cultural texts, is not merely an epic narrative of the country’s mythological and heroic history; it also serves as a faithful reflection of the beliefs, rituals, and social relations of ancient Iranians. Among the myriad customs and traditions depicted in this monumental work, the practice of mourning holds a special place. Adopting a sociological approach and focusing on the analysis of symbolic and behavioral elements found in Ferdowsi’s verses, this study examines and analyzes the mourning rituals portrayed in the Shahnameh. Employing a descriptive-analytical method and utilizing the specified keywords, the research investigates the descriptions of mourning found within the text. The findings of this study indicate that mourning rituals in the *Shahnameh* served multiple social functions that extended beyond a mere emotional response to death. These rituals—encompassing actions such as displays of agitation, casting dust upon one’s head, tearing one’s garments, rending hair and scratching the face, shearing the manes and tails of horses, reversing the saddle, smearing horses and elephants with indigo, and setting fire to pavilions and trees—served primarily as a means to express social solidarity and demonstrate the magnitude of the loss. Overall, the mourning rituals depicted in the *Shahnameh* reflect the ancient Iranian worldview regarding death. Beyond their emotional and ceremonial aspects, these rituals played significant roles in reinforcing social structures, displaying individual status, and facilitating psychological processes at both the individual and collective levels. An analysis of these rituals opens a new window into a deeper understanding of the culture, beliefs, and social relations of ancient Iran.
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